Construction of the qutb minar was started in 1192 by qutb ud din aibak, the first sultan of delhi, and was carried on by his successor, iltutmish. Balban was unfortunately captured by the mughals as a child and sold to ghazni khwaja jamal ud din basri, a merchant from baghdad. He was born a turk of the aybak tribe and was the sultan for only four years, 12061210. He was a weak ruler and after one year of his rule in 1211 ad he was ousted by iltutmish, son in law of qutb ud din aibak. Qutb minar academic dictionaries and encyclopedias. Qutb aldin aibak, able general of muizz aldin muhammad of ghur who led the ghurid conquests of northern india, including the conquest of. Qutub minar is a unseco world heritage site present in mehrauli, delhi india. Samacheer kalvi 7th social science history solutions term. The qutb complex is a site that has been witness to the long history of the sultanate rule. Feb 2, 2018 mehrauli delhis 2nd city, built by qutubuddinaibak, qutub complex. It is an important example of early afghan architecture which later evolved into indoislamic architecture. This mosque in delhis qutub complex set the template for.
Qutbuddin aibak raised the first stories, to which were added three more stories. Restoration worksadditions were also made in 12th century, 14th century and 19th century due to natural disasters, so the different architectural styles from the time of aibak to tuglak are clearly visible in the qutub minar. Qutub ud din aibak died falling from his horse while playing chaugan polo at lahore. It was built as a victory tower, to celebrate the victory of muhammad ghori over the rajput king, prithviraj chauhan, in 1192 ad, by his then viceroy, qutb ud din aibak. It is the masterpiece of indo islamic architecture built in red sand stone and marble.
Qutab minar also spelled qutab or qutub, a tower in delhi, india, is the worlds tallest brick minaret. It is located within the citadel of qalaerai pithora qila rai pithora where qutb al din also set up his administrative quarters and residence. Qutabuddin aibak built quwwatulislam mosque, to the northeast of minar in ad 1198. Qutbuddin aibak was born to a turkish family in central asia. The minaret is named after qutb ud din aibak, or qutbuddin bakhtiar kaki, a sufi saint. Sikandar lodi will make the last big changes in the tower, making it bigger and taller, in 1503, some 400 years after qutub ud din aibak began its construction in 1202 ad. Construction of the qutub minar victory tower in the complex, named after the religious figure sufi sant khwaja qutbuddin bakhtiar kaki, was begun by qutb ud din aibak, who later became the first sultan of delhi of the mamluk dynasty gulam vansh. His tomb is located at anarkali bazar in lahore, pakistan. The different architectural styles from the time of aibak to tuglak are clearly. He has been regarded as the real founder of turkish rule in india. Sponsored by qutb ud din aibak, founder of the mamluk dynasty.
The minar crosssection is circular with a diameter of. The construction of the qutub minar was started by qitubuddin aibak, but he only. The architectural legacy of the dynasty includes the qutb minar by qutb uddin aibak in mehrauli, the mausoleum of prince nasiruddin mahmud, eldest son of iltumish, known as sultan ghari near vasant kunj, the first islamic mausoleum tomb built in 1231, and balbans tomb, in the mehrauli archaeological park. Qutb ud din aibak started the construction of qutub minar in 1199 ad, which was the founder of the delhi kingdom. Many historians believe that the qutub minar was named after the first turkish sultan, qutb ud din aibak. Fourteen hundred camels loaded with treasure were hauled away. The dynasty was founded by qutb ud din aibak who executed his duties as the ghauri administrator in the reign of ghauri from 11921206 ad. The famed qutub minar itself has braved natural calamities and. Construction commenced in 1193 under the orders of indias first muslim ruler qutb ud din aibak, and the topmost storey of the minaret was completed in 86 by firuz shah tughluq.
Qutub minar, the tallest minaret built in bricks in the world, 5 storeys qutub ud din aibak made the tallest storey i. Qutubuddin aibak, a ruler of medieval india, was the first ruler of the delhi sultanate and also the founder of the slave dynasty. The mosque standard as one of the earliest survivors of the indoislamic architectural era which had gripped india after the. The advances made in architecture under his reign, is particularly noticeable in the curves of the arches.
In 1199, qutb ud din laid the foundation of the qutb minar, the majestic masonry tower which is 72. Qutb ud din aibak, founder of the delhi sultanate, started construction of the qutb minars first storey around 1192. Their are many reasons cited for the construction of the minar. Interesting facts about qutub minar historical facts of. History qutubminar was built by qutub ud din aibak in the year 1192 but was later completed by his son in law by shamsuddin iltutmish. Narendra modis softpower diplomatic efforts abroad are being undone by. Qutub minar, delhi, india qutub minar in red and buff sa flickr. This mosque was built by qutbuddinaibak, the founder of slave or mamluk dynasty. Aibaks rule, architect richa bansal aggarwal writes in sahapedia, marked the. Qutb ud din aibak built quwwat ul islam mosque in the 1180s. Though this was initiation in the 12th century by qutb ud din aibak, but it was completed by firoz shah tuglaq. It was possibly built both as a tower of victory and as a minar attached to the quwwatulislam mosque. The qutb complex are monuments and buildings from the delhi sultanate at mehrauli in delhi in india.
Interesting facts about qutub minar fun facts about. The first storey was completed during the reign of aibak. The tallest minaret in the world qutab minar is another special place which cannot be missed. Qutb minar was established along with quwwatulislam mosque around 1192 by qutb ud din aibak, first ruler of the delhi sultanate. How the qutb minar was constructed during a period of several centuries makes for a fascinating history. Qutab ud din aibak was the real founder of the turkish dominion in india. Qutb ud din declares himself an independent ruler, thus founding the delhi sultanate, c. The establishment of qutub minar in the year 1192 also marks the construction of the quwwatulislam mosque by qutb ud din aibak only, who built qutub minar. It was the first mosque built in delhi after the islamic conquest of india and the oldest surviving example of ghurids architecture in indian subcontinent.
He was a turkish of the aybak tribe and was the sultan for only four years, 12061210. The foundation of the tower was laid down by qutubud din aibak in 1199 ad. What were the developments of architecture during the. Sultan qutub ud din aibak 1206 ad to 1210 ad lahore facebook.
The name of the mosque literally means might of islam. In 1220, aibak s successor and soninlaw shamsuddin iltutmish completed a. After his death, his son aram shah succeeded him and became the sultan of slave dynasty. Qutb ud din aibak died of mysterious injuries received during an accidental fall from a horse, while playing polo. He fell from the horseback and was severely injured. Only the core made of random rubble masonry and mortar remain of this unfinished tower which was to have been twice the height of the qutb minar of qutb ud din aibak. The qutb complex was built by qutb al din aybak reg. Qutb ud din aybak also is said to have destroyed nearly a thousand temples, and then raised mosques on their foundations. Its construction was started by qutubuddin aibak in 1193 and finished by iltutmish. It was constructed during the rule of the first muslim turkic sultan named qutb ud din aibak also spelled as qutub ud din aibak, qutb ud din aybak and qutub ud din aybak.
Qubbatulislam mosque might of islam also known as the qutb mosque or the great mosque of delhi was built by qutb ud din aybak, founder of the mamluk or slave dynasty. It is the earliest extantmosque built by the delhi sultans. In 68, firoz shah tughlaq constructed the fifth and the last storey. After a string of earlier conquests, muizz ud din muhammad ghuri annexes northwest bengal in 1204, but then his luck runs out and he is assassinated in 1206. History the qutb complex was built by qutb ud din aibak 1206 1211 who established the first islamic sultanate in the indian subcontinent in delhi in 1192.
Its construction also marked the beginning of muslim rule in india. Quwwatulislam or might of islam mosque started in 1193 ce by qutb ud din aibak to mark his victory over rajputs may 09, 2019 06. Qutub minar is known as the tallest brick minaret in the world. The mosque complex is one of the earliest that survives in the indian subcontinent.
It stands in the middle of a square fortresslike enclosure with round turrets at the four corners. What was the role of qutubuddin aibak in establishing the. Between muhammad and aibak, a total of thousand idols in temples were destroyed and rededicated to allah. Qutb ud din meaning axis of the faith was the first muslim emperor of india who ruled from his capital in delhi where he built qutub minar and the quwwat al islam mosque1. Iltutmish, the next great mamluk ruler and the son inlaw of qutb ud din aibak extended qutb ud din s mosque at delhi, by doubling its size by widening the mosque, the courtyard and the maqsura. The ghurid general, qutbuddin aibak, developed the fort that he had wrested. In 1232 ad, he was then bought as a slave by iltutmish who later released balban from the bondage of slavery upon royal orders of his emperor, qutb ud din aibak, who was then, the reigning sultan of the delhi sultanate. It is located within the citadel of qalaerai pithora qila rai pithora where qutb ud din also set up his administrative quarters and residence. It is also known as the qutb mosque or the great mosque of delhi and was the first to be constructed in delhi after the islamic invasion in india.
Delhi is said to be the site of indraprashta, capital. Quwwatulislam qutb mosque, near qutb minar, new delhi. It is believed that many rules involving alauddin khalji and illtutmish have contributed towards the expansion of the quwwat ul islam mosque. Sultan qutb ud din aibak also called lakh baksh sultan the donator of hundreds of thousands urdu. The construction of qutub minar took 28 years to complete. Qutb ud din aibak was a sufi saint after his death.
The qutub minar victory tower in the complex, named after the religious figure qutbuddin bakhtiar kaki, was begun by qutb ud din aibak, who later became the first sultan of delhi of the mamluk dynasty. Qutub ud din aibak also had a role in the beautiful architecture of delhi sultanate. Qutb minar was begun after the quwwatulislam mosque, which was started around 1192 by qutb ud din aibak, first ruler of the delhi sultanate. Bearing the mark of many rulers from qutb ud din aibak, iltutmish, alauddin khalji to firuz shah tughlaq this complex features multiple monuments that represent the splendor of indo islamic architecture.
The height of qutub minar is 120 meters and it is the worlds largest brick tower. The turkish nobles chose iltutmish, son of aibak, as sultan after the death. Also associated with delhi saint qutub ud din bakhtiyarkaki. Most of the enclosure is of grey granite, but the mosque and entrance portico and the exterior facing of the tomb are of white marble, v the arhai din kajhompra. Qutb ud din aibak, who was the governor of ghoris indian possessions became independent after his death and began his rule in 1206 a. Mehrauli delhis 2nd city, built by qutubuddinaibak, qutub.
History of islam in india the sultanates of delhi by neria. It is the earliest and prominent mosque that survives till now in the indian subcontinent. Qutub minar history, qutb complex, timings and architecture. In 1210, qutb ud din aibak died in an accident while he was playing polo. The qutb minar, which is one of the tallest minarets in asia, along with. Varanasi saw the wrath of both muhammad of ghor and qutb ud din aibak, who reputedly destroyed thousand temples. Qutbuddin aibak, who was the governor of ghoris indian possessions became independent after his death and began his rule in 1206 a.
In order to complete the qutub minar, successor aibak built three more minarets in it. The most commonly accepted reasons are that in order to celebrate the advent of muslim dominance in delhi and india, the first ruler of the delhi sultanate, qutb ud din aibak, inspired by the minaret of jam in afghanistan and wishing to surpass it, commenced construction of the qutb minar in 1199 a. Concept board architecture, conceptual model architecture, window display. The purpose behind the construction of minar was for the use of muazzin crier to give calls for prayer. World heritage sites in india maharashtra pcs exam notes. Quwwatulislam or might of islam mosque started in 1193 ce by. Revisiting the many histories of the qutb complex a.
It was completed in 1199 ce, and further beautified by iltutmish of delhi in 12 ce. The construction of this jami masjid friday mosque, started in the year 1193 ad, when aibak was the commander of muhammad ghoris garrison that occupied delhi. He was incharge of the ghurid territories in northern. History inspired by the minaret of jam in afghanistan and wishing to surpass it, qutb ud din aibak, the first muslim ruler of delhi, commenced construction of the qutub minar in. Top 5 amazing facts about the qutub minar top facts list. It was commissioned by qutbuddinaibak, on orders of muhammad ghori, in 1192 ce.
Quwwatulislam is a unique example of the amalgamation of hindu and islamic art. Besides, the qutb minar quwwatulislam mosque is established around 1192 by the same ruler of dynasty shah jahan who was the first ruler of delhi sultanate. Thus the difference in the buildings of the period of qutab ud din aibak, iltutmish and ala ud din khilji is prominent. Role of aibak as the founder of delhi sultanate get complete information on slave dynasty in india get complete biography of qutb ud din aibak very short paragraph on the slave dynasty 12061290 ad. He constructed two mosques quwat al islam at delhi and adhai din ka jhonpra in ajmer. The architecture here shows up the 14th century engineering.
Restoration worksadditions were also made in 12th century, 14th century and 19th century due to natural disasters. He was incharge of the ghurid territories in northern india, and after muizz ad din s death, he became the ruler of an independent kingdom that evolved into the delhi sultanate ruled by the mamluk dynasty a native of turkestan, aibak was sold into slavery as a child. The mahabodhi temple, a unesco world heritage site, is an ancient, but much rebuilt and restored, buddhist temple in bodh gaya, marking the location where the buddha is said to have attained enlightenment. The mosque, which stands tall, reflects the ghurids style of architecture majestically.
537 440 641 1497 312 200 873 931 962 630 673 1081 525 606 1335 1458 51 167 1183 23 455 189 670 949 15 979 1274 923 1163 656 271 764 156 28 1245 1505 1026 1519 406 1194 1054 886 960 178 863